Start a composer business for video, games and ads

Independent filmmakers, game developers, content creators, podcasters, and small businesses or agencies needing original music.

Fixed fee per project or per minute of music, plus optional licensing of tracks you keep the rights to.

• Composition and arranging
• Using music software (a digital audio workstation)
• Mixing and basic production
• Taking feedback and meeting deadlines

• Use written agreements that say who owns the music and how it can be used
• Check whether you need a business license or home occupation permit from your city or county, and respect HOA or lease rules
• Avoid using samples or loops without the right licenses
• Income can be uneven until you have repeat clients
• Consider joining a performing rights organization if your music will be broadcast, and check how it works

Startup costs are typically around $1,000 to $5,000, depending on the computer, software, microphones and other studio gear you choose. These are estimates, so your own figure will depend on what you already own and how much you want to upgrade.

Monthly revenue is typically around $200 to $3,000, depending on how many clients you win and the kinds of projects you take on. Income can be uneven until you have repeat clients, so treat these estimates as a rough guide.

Check whether you need a business license or home occupation permit from your city or county, and respect any HOA or lease rules. Use written agreements on ownership, avoid samples or loops without the right licenses, and check how performing rights organizations work.